[bcrdukes]

I've done extensive traveling on my bike in Air Canada multiple times, if that means anything.

I've always thrown into a cardboard bike box. I once threw the bike into a Thule hardcase, and let me tell you, it fucking sucks. Heavy and bulky as fuck and such a pain in the ass to fit into some cars. Never again.

Pre-cautions
1. Pack it yourself and protect everything you can as much as possible.
2. Take your pedals off if you can.
3. Tape off all your current settings or mark them with something.
4. Repeat step 1.
5. Tape the box thorougly and properly. Don't skimp out on this. Last thing you want is for the box to pop open and your front wheel goes flying off the runway.
6. I usually remove the rear derailleur, but some people get away with it. It's not a risk I want to take, so I do it and then zap strap it to the rear stay.
*Edit* - 7. Take pictures of your bike before you pack it and after you pack it. Inspect your bike ASAP when you get a chance after you land. Some peoples wheels or frames were cracked during transit. File a claim ASAP. DO NOT WAIT.

Depending on airline, some airlines charge the bike as 1 check in luggage, and then an additional handling fee, so it works out to about $80 or so (again depends on airline.)

I haven't had any issues traveling with a bike, especially in a cardboard bike box. This doesn't mean you won't, so YMMV!